5 visas para estudiar high school en Estados Unidos

5 visas para estudiar high school en Estados Unidos Muchos padres de otros paà ­ses desean que sus hijos cursen un aà ±o de high school en Estados Unidos. Si eres uno de ellos y te preguntas quà © visa se requiere, debes saber que hay varias opciones.  Tambià ©n es importante saber cul no se deberà ­a utilizar, ya que es una violacià ³n migratoria que puede dar lugar a problemas graves. En este artà ­culo se brinda informacià ³n sobre todas las visas americanas que permiten estudiar en Estados Unidos con anlisis detallado de cada una de ellas, con sus ventajas e inconvenientes y las visas que son derivadas de à ©sas. Adems, se explica los posibles problemas de estudiar con una visa de turista. Tipos de visas americanas que permiten estudiar high school en Estados Unidos Son las siguientes: J-1, que es una visa de intercambio con un programa que permite estudiar.  F-1, que es una visa de estudiante acadà ©mico.F-3, una visa exclusivamente para mexicanos y canadienses.  M-1,visa para estudios vocacionales y tà ©cnicos.M-3, visa para estudios vocacionales para mexicanos y canadienses. Cada visa tiene sus propias reglas, por lo que debe saberse cul es la que mejor se adapta a las necesidades de cada estudiante.   Visas J-1 para estudiar high school en Estados Unidos Bajo el nombre de visas J-1 de intercambio se encuentran programas muy diversos entre sà ­. Entre ellos, el que permite a los estudiantes internacionales realizar estudios de secundaria en los Estados Unidos. Sus principales caracterà ­sticas son: El dà ­a en que comienzan las clases el estudiante debe tener ms de 15 aà ±os de edad y menos de 18 aà ±os y seis meses. Adems, como mximo, el estudiante sà ³lo puede haber completado 11 grados (cursos) a contar desde el inicio de la educacià ³n obligatoria en su paà ­s. Mientras realiza sus estudios en Estados Unidos, el estudiante internacional no puede vivir en casa de familiares o de amigos de la familia. Obligatoriamente debe alojarse en un internado o con una familia estadounidense de acogida designada por los administradores del programa. Se puede estudiar en una escuela pà ºblica o en una privada, pero no se puede haber estudiado previamente en Estados Unidos ni con una visa J-1 ni con una F-1 en programas acadà ©micos por un aà ±o o en semestres de intercambio, pero sà ­ en programas de estudios de inglà ©s en verano o semejantes. Los estudiantes internacionales pueden, previa autorizacià ³n, participar en actividades extraescolares deportivas. Pero no pueden trabajar, salvo actividades espordicas como cuidar nià ±os, conocido en inglà ©s como baby-sitting. Por à ºltimo, es imprescindible para obtener la visa J-1 iniciar los trmites a travà ©s de una organizacià ³n autorizada por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos. Es frecuente que fuera de los Estados Unidos existan organizaciones que colaboran con las estadounidenses para reclutar alumnos o facilitar la tramitacià ³n de  todos los papeles necesarios. Pero los patrocinadores reales de esta visa son siempre los expresamente mencionados en el listado de Designated Sponsor Organizations. Para encontrar los que aplican especà ­ficamente a este programa, en la opcià ³n de Program, clickar en la flecha y buscar  la opcià ³n de Secondary School Students. Se inicia todo el proceso contactando con una de esas organizaciones. En otras palabras, no se puede solicitar la visa al consulado o a la embajada sin tener documentacià ³n previa que obligatoriamente deben dar una de las organizaciones patrocinadoras. La visa F-1 para estudiar high school en Estados Unidos La visa F-1 es utilizada frecuentemente por los estudiantes internacionales que desean residir con un familiar, por ejemplo, tà ­os o abuelos, mientras estn cursando sus estudios, pero la puede utilizar cualquier estudiante internacional de high school que no desee estar limitado por las reglas de la visa J-1, explicadas en el prrafo anterior.   Para estudiar la secundaria con este tipo de visa hay que conocer las reglas: En primer lugar, sà ³lo se puede estudiar la secundaria, es decir, grados 9 a 12. No se puede solicitar una visa F-1 para cursar estudios en primaria. En segundo lugar, sà ³lo se puede cursar un aà ±o acadà ©mico por un mximo de 12 meses. Este là ­mite sà ³lo aplica a escuelas pà ºblicas pero no a las privadas o a programas para estudio de inglà ©s. En tercer lugar, es  obligatorio pagar el costo de la educacià ³n a la escuela. Esto es asà ­ aà ºn cuando se trate de high schools pà ºblicas. Por ley no se puede ignorar este requerimiento. El costo varà ­a de escuela a escuela y puede ir de los $3,000 a los $10,000.   Y en cuarto lugar, antes de solicitar la visa es necesario contactar con la high school que debe emitir un documento que se conoce como I-20 para iniciarse asà ­ el proceso de la peticià ³n. Es decir, primero se es admitido y luego se solicita al consulado el otorgamiento de la visa. La visa F-3 para mexicanos y canadienses Los estudiantes mexicanos y canadienses  o los residentes legales que residen en Mà ©xico o Canad y que residen a lo largo de la frontera on Estados Unidos y que desean realizar estudios en una institucià ³n fronteriza pueden solicitar una visa F-3, que es muy similar pero distinta en sus requerimientos a una visa F-1. Uno de las limitaciones ms importantes a tener en cuenta es que no se puede elegir estudiar en cualquier high school sino que la escuela elegida debe estar como mximo a 75 millas de la frontera. Adems, es obligatorio que el estudiante conserve su residencia en su paà ­s de origen. Visas M-1 y M-3 La visa M-1 permite realizar en Estados Unidos estudios vocacionales y tà ©cnicos, es decir, no acadà ©micos, por ejemplo, relacionados con Mà ºsica, Arte, Cocina, etc. Sus reglas son similares a las de la F-1, aunque no iguales. Para solicitarla primero es necesario haber sido  admitido previamente en el programa que se desea cursar y obtener el documento que se conoce como I-20 que debe emitir la escuela. Sà ³lo a continuacià ³n se puede pedir la visa M-1 en el consulado correspondiente. La visa M-3 es un hà ­brido entre la M-1 y la F-3 y permite a los mexicanos y canadienses que residen en una ubicacià ³n cercana a la frontera con Estados Unidos cursar en este paà ­s estudios vocacionales o tà ©cnicos. Visas derivadas de las de estudiantes y quià ©n se puede beneficiar de ellas En Estados Unidos, las  visas temporales de trabajo, de estudios, de intercambio o de inversià ³n permiten que los cà ³nyuges y los  hijos menores de 21 aà ±os que estn solteros de las personas que tienen esas visas pueden acompaà ±arlos con lo que se conoce como una visa derivada. Por ejemplo, una investigadora con visa J-1 puede viajar a Estados Unidos con su cà ³nyuge, y à ©ste tendrà ­a una visa J-2. Sin embargo, en el caso que trata este artà ­culo, es decir, visas para estudiantes de high school, es altamente improbable que se solicite una visa derivada, por la edad del beneficiario de la visa.   Sin embargo, los padres del estudiante internacional no tiene derecho a una visa derivada. En otras palabras, no puede obtener una visa porque quiere estar en Estados Unidos acompaà ±ando a hijo o su hija mientras à ©ste est completando sus estudios. Error de estudiar en EEUU con estatus  de turista Por decisià ³n de la Corte Suprema todas las escuelas pà ºblicas estn obligadas a admitir estudiantes que viven en su distrito escolar. Esto es asà ­ para evitar que los nià ±os indocumentados se queden sin escolarizar. Pero esta regla es a veces abusada por estudiantes internacionales que estudian en escuelas pà ºblicas cuando se encuentran en los Estados Unidos en condicià ³n de turistas, ya porque tienen una visa B2 o porque son ciudadanos de paà ­ses que pueden ingresar a USA sin visa. Cuando se produce esta situacià ³n se est cometiendo una violacià ³n migratoria y, si es descubierta o se sospecha de esta situacià ³n los oficiales migratorios en la frontera estn autorizados para prohibirle el ingreso a Estados Unidos y a cancelarle la visa.   Asimismo se estn dando casos en los que cuando se detecta una de estas situaciones tambià ©n se cancela la visa americana a los padres del estudiante, si la tuvieran.   Y lo cierto es que una vez que se produce la cancelacià ³n de la visa por esta causa no es fcil que el consulado emita una nueva. Por esta razà ³n y porque es una ilegalidad migratoria, los estudiantes internacionales de high school deben ingresar a USA con la visa correcta. La à ºnica excepcià ³n es cuando se ingresa de vacaciones y se asiste a clases con carcter recreacional y siempre por menos de 19 horas a la semana. Convalidaciones, homologaciones y salto a college A la hora de estudiar en un paà ­s extranjero es importante conocer las reglas de homologacià ³n de estudios tanto de Estados Unidos como del propio paà ­s. Estas son las organizaciones que pueden convalidar para estudiar en USA. Por à ºltimo, si despuà ©s de estudiar la high school se desea continuar en un college o universidad, estos son los requisitos que se piden para tener à ©xito en la admisià ³n. Es un proceso complejo que conviene empezar con tiempo de antelacià ³n . Este artà ­culo es meramente informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

The Yellow Turban Rebellion in China

The Yellow Turban Rebellion in China The people of Han China reeled under a crushing tax load, famine, and floods, while at court, a group of corrupt eunuchs wielded power over the decadent and hapless Emperor Ling.  Chinas government demanded ever more taxes from the peasantry to fund fortifications along the Silk Road, and also to build sections of the Great Wall of China in order to fend off nomads from the Central Asian steppes. As natural and barbarian disasters plagued the land, the followers of a Taoist sect led by Zhang Jue decided that the Han Dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven.  The only cure for Chinas ills was a rebellion and the establishment of a new imperial dynasty.  The rebels wore yellow scarves wrapped around their heads - and the Yellow Turban Rebellion was born. The Origins of the Yellow Turban Rebellion Zhang Jue was a healer and some said a magician.  He spread his messianic religious ideas through his patients; many of them were poor farmers who received free treatments from the charismatic doctor. Zhang used magical amulets, chanting, and other practices derived from Taoism in his cures. He preached that in the year 184 CE, a new historical era would begin known as the Great Peace. By the time the rebellion broke out in 184, Zhang Jues sect had 360,000 armed followers, mostly from the peasantry but also including some local officials and scholars.   Before Zhang could set his plan into motion, however, one of his disciples went to the Han capital at Luoyang and revealed the plot to overthrow the government. Everyone in the city identified as a Yellow Turban sympathizer was executed, more than 1,000 of Zhangs followers, and court officials marched out to arrest Zhang Jue and his two brothers. Hearing the news, Zhang ordered his followers to start the uprising immediately. An Eventful Uprising Yellow Turban factions in eight different provinces rose up and attacked government offices and garrisons. Government officials ran for their lives; the rebels destroyed towns and seized armories.  The imperial army was too small and incompetent to deal with the wide-spread threat posed by the Yellow Turban Rebellion, so local warlords in the provinces built their own armies to put down the rebels.  At some point during the ninth month of the year 184, Zhang Jue died while leading the defenders of the besieged city of Guangzhong.  He likely died of disease; his two younger brothers died in battle with the imperial army later that year. Despite the early deaths of their top leaders, smaller groups of the Yellow Turbans continued to fight for another twenty years, whether motivated by religious fervor or simple banditry. The most important consequence of this on-going popular rebellion was that it exposed the weakness of the central government and led to the growth of warlordism in different provinces around China.  The rise of warlords would contribute to the coming civil war, the dissolution of the Han Empire, and the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period.   In fact, General Cao Cao, who went on to found the Wei Dynasty, and Sun Jian, whose military success paved the way for his son to found the Wu Dynasty, both gained their first military experience fighting against the Yellow Turbans. In a sense, then the Yellow Turban Rebellion spawned two of the three kingdoms.  The Yellow Turbans also allied themselves with another group of major players in the downfall of the Han Dynasty - the Xiongnu. Finally, the Yellow Turban rebels have served as role models for Chinese anti-government movements through the ages, including the Boxer Rebels of 1899-1900 and the modern-day Falun Gong movement.

Immigrations in California Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Immigrations in California - Research Paper Example Many of these problems the residents claim originate from traditional, cultural, and language differences. The culture and language of these new migrants behaves different from the main stream thus causing hardship for the mainstream. Immigrants are the backbone of California development (Olson 173). Since the nineteenth century, the American Indians crossed over to California State. They concentrated more on developmental activities thus becoming wealthy as opposed to Asians who were rioting. They then came up with well organized political unit, which they used as a platform to preach peace amongst all the diverse communities. Later on with the settlement of the Spanish settlers, the relative peace and stability of California State changed. There was excitement and uncertainty as the Mexican increased their attempt to impose their cultural values to Indians. This led to a thousand of Indians death from both diseases and the conflict between them and the Mexicans (Olson 173). Early twentieth century, Japanese immigrants began flowing in California. Their arrival as of more benefit to the mainstream community, as they offered cheap labor. They fully filled the main economic voids. Japanese welcome in California was short lived. This was due to the differences that existed between Japan and the united state of America during the Second World War. Sinking of the parlor harbor resulted to cold treatment of Chinese in California State. Of all the fifty states in America, none has been affected by immigration than California. The numbers of the immigrants have been tremendously increasing (Olson 276). This has brought problems caused by racial composition. The impact of immigration has been more powerful in California than elsewhere. The origins of California’s immigrant have differed with various historical eras. Majority of the immigrant coming to California has been from Mexico and Central America. In the year 2000, 46% of

The Issues in Juvenile Justice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Issues in Juvenile Justice - Research Paper Example Overview In order to understand, the issue of balancing between individualized and formal sanctions, it is necessary to understand three fundamental points. Firstly, it should be noted that the juvenile criminal system is large and complex, internal and external systems are divided into several complex structures and the trends of this system changes. Thus, the question whether it is possible to balance between individualized and formal sanctions? The balancing between individualized and formal sanctions is not possible for several reasons. Firstly, the literature demonstrates that the entire juvenile sanction system is diverse and vast. This indicates that the guidelines for the adoption of sanctions differ from one state to another. The aim of consistent and formal sanctions is to ensure that there is no disparity and discrimination in the juvenile system. Stinchcomb, Bazemore, and Riestenberg (2006) asserts that â€Å"The widespread belief, evident in many sentencing guidelines, is that (a) judicial discretion causes disparity and inconsistency and (b) that offense-based systems can eliminate or reduce these problems.  Both beliefs prevail despite the fact that little empirical evidence exists to support them.† Majority of the guidelines adopted by the states frequently â€Å"use offense-based criteria for determining which types of sanctions to apply†

Feudalism and Manorialism Essay Example for Free

Feudalism and Manorialism Essay Feudalism and manorialism were very linked. They go together step by step in the Middle Ages. Feudalism concerned the rights, power, and lifestyle of the military elite: manorialism involved the service and obligations of the peasant classes. Word feudalism was invented in the 17 century by Montesquieu and popularized it in The Spirit of the Laws (1748). In the late eighteenth century people said that feudalism is the privileges of the aristocratic nobility, privileges that provoked the wrath of the bourgeoisie ((McKay, A History of Western Society 259). Later Karl Marx adopted it to other meaning. He thought that feudalism was precapitalistic society. Now people think that feudalism was social and political system held together by bonds of kingship, homage, and fealty and by grants of benefits lands or estates given by king, lay lord, or ecclesiastical officer (bishop or abbot) to another member of the nobility or to a knight. (McKay, A History of Western Society 270.) However it arent all meanings of feudalism. Bloch thought that it is a whole system of life centered on lordship. Feudalism was a military society. Men dominated in it. However women was not so significant. Feudalism had military society. Manorialism involved the service and obligation of the peasant classes. The economic power of the warring class rested on landed estates, which were worked by peasants (McKay, A History of Western Society 261). Here we can say that feudalism and manorialism is connected to each other. Nothing in our world is made for nothing. People need something to return for their service. In manorialism was the same. Peasants needed protection, and lords asked them to surrender themselves and their lands to the lords jurisdiction. Peasants were ties to the land by various kinds of payments and service, despite of freedom of land. The peasant had to pay fee to marry someone from outside. They had to give percent of their crop to the lords. They also paid fine. Soon peasants became part of lords possession. Of course the transition from freedom to serfdom was slow and its speed was closely related to the political life in a given part of country. Hence feudalism and manorialism were inextricably linked.

Thomas Paine :: essays research papers

Library: Historical Documents: Thomas Paine: Rights Of Man: Part The First -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Order The Rights of Man now. Part The First Being An Answer To Mr. Burke's Attack On The French Revolution -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- George Washington PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA SIR, I present you a small treatise in defence of those principles of freedom which your exemplary virtue hath so eminently contributed to establish. That the Rights of Man may become as universal as your benevolence can wish, and that you may enjoy the happiness of seeing the New World regenerate the Old, is the prayer of SIR, Your much obliged, and Obedient humble Servant, THOMAS PAINE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Author's Preface to the English Edition From the part Mr. Burke took in the American Revolution, it was natural that I should consider him a friend to mankind; and as our acquaintance commenced on that ground, it would have been more agreeable to me to have had cause to continue in that opinion than to change it. At the time Mr. Burke made his violent speech last winter in the English Parliament against the French Revolution and the National Assembly, I was in Paris, and had written to him but a short time before to inform him how prosperously matters were going on. Soon after this I saw his advertisement of the Pamphlet he intended to publish: As the attack was to be made in a language but little studied, and less understood in France, and as everything suffers by translation, I promised some of the friends of the Revolution in that country that whenever Mr. Burke's Pamphlet came forth, I would answer it. This appeared to me the more necessary to be done, when I saw the flagrant misrepresentations which Mr. Burke's Pamphlet contains; and that while it is an outrageous abuse on the French Revolution, and the principles of Liberty, it is an imposition on the rest of the world. I am the more astonished and disappointed at this conduct in Mr. Burke, as (from the circumstances I am going to mention) I had formed other expectations. I had seen enough of the miseries of war, to wish it might never more have existence in the world, and that some other mode might be found out to settle the differences that should occasionally arise in the neighbourhood of nations. This certainly might be done if Courts were disposed to set honesty about it, or if countries were enlightened enough not to be made the dupes of Courts.

Joint Strategic Needs Assessment

Joint Strategic Needs Assessment ROTHERHAM May 2011 -2- Table of Contents What is a Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA)? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Why do we need a JSNA? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. Demographic Profile 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. 5 1. 6 1. 7 1. 8 1. 9 1. 10 1. 11 1. 12 2. 6 6 Population Numbers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Age Profile †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Gender Profile †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Birth Rate †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) Population Profile †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Disability Profile †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Population by Religious Group †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Population by Migrant Status †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Number of Households †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Analysis of Areas of Deprivation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Social Marketing Categories and Urban/Rural Classification †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Sexuality †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 7 10 11 12 16 20 21 21 23 25 25 Social and Enviro nmental Needs Assessment 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 2. 6 2. 7 2. 8 2. 9 2. 10 2. 11 2. 12 2. 13 2. 14 2. 15 2. 16 2. 17 2. 18 2. 19 2. 20 2. 21 2. 22 2. 23 2. 24RMBC Strategic Housing Role †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Council Housing Stock †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Private Sector †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Housing Tenure †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Ethnic ity †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Overcrowding †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Living Alone †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Summary of Housing Demand in Rotherham †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Condition of Stock †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Affordable Warmth and Fuel Poverty †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Energy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Empty Properties †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Affordability †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Household Income †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Central Heating †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Access to Car or Van †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Overall Employment Rate †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Working Age People on Out-of-Work Benefits (NI 152) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Number on Out-of-Work Benefits in Worst Performing Areas (NI153) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Contact with Mental Health Services whilst Emplo yed (NI 150) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Unemployment Rate †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Claimant Count †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Recent National Economic Down-Turn †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Average Incomes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 26 26 27 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 36 37 38 40 42 3 44 46 47 47 48 49 49 50 -32. 25 2. 26 3. Smoking †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Eating Habits †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Alcohol †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Physical Activity †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Obesity †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦General profile of burden of ill health †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Diabetes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Circulatory Diseases †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Cancer †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Infectious Diseases †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Trauma †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Musculoskeletal †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 70 84 88 97 108 109 114 115 Mental Health Needs Assessment 5. 1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5. 2 National Picture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5. 3 Local Picture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5. 4Differences in the Extent of Mental Health Problems †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5. 5 Local Services †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5. 6 Financial Costs – National Level †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5. 7 Financial Costs – Local Level †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 . 8 User Involvement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 . 9 Emerging Patterns †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Appendix 1 – Indices of Multiple Deprivation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6. 54 56 57 63 66 Burden of Ill Health 4. 1 4. 2 4. 3 4. 4 4. 5 4. 6 4. 7 4. 8 5. 51 53 Lifestyle and Risk Factors 3. 1 3. 2 3. 3 3. 4 3. 5 4. Access to Services †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Satisfaction of People Over 65 with Home and Neighbourhood (NI 138) .. 118 119 120 131 141 147 147 151 152 153 Learning Disability Needs Assessment 6 . 1 6. 2 6 . 3 6. 4 6. 5 6. 6 6. 7 6 . 8 6. 9 6. 10 6. 11Numbers of People with a Learning Disability †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Expenditure for Learning Disabilities in Rotherham for 2009/10 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Local Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. BM E Population – National Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ BME Population – Rotherham in 2010 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Life Expectancy of People with Learning Disabilities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Health of People with Learning Disabilities in Rotherham †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Employment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Housing †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Residential and Nursing Care in Rotherham †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Community Based Services for People with Learning Disabilities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 154 155 156 160 160 161 161 164 165 166 167 -46. 12 7. 169 169 170 174 177 178 180 183 Early Access for Women to Maternity Services (NI 126) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Number of People Accessing NHS Dentistry †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Uptake Rates for Seasonal Flu Jab †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Screening for Breast Cancer †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦ Access to GUM services †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Long Acting Reversible Contraception Methods †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Access to NHS Funded Abortions before 10 weeks? Gestation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 187 187 189 191 193 193 194 User Perspective on Social and Health Care 9. 1 9. 2 9. 3 9. 4 9. 5 9. 6 9. 7 9. 8 9. 9 9. 10 . 11 9. 12 10. National Profile of Need for Social Care †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Promoting Independence and Developing Community Support †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Rotherham Profile of Need for Adult Social Care †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Informal Care Needs Analysis â₠¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Home Care Services †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Residential Care †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Intermediate Care †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Analysis of Community-Based Provision †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Access To Health Services 8. 1 8. 2 8. 3 8 . 4 8. 5 8. 6 8. 7 9. 168 Social Care Needs Assessment 7. 1 7. 2 7. 3 7. 4 7. 5 7. 6 7. 7 7. 8 8. Carers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Support Older People Receive in order to Live Independently at Home †¦ Respect and Dignity in their Treatment (NI128) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ User Perspective on Social and Health Care – Neighbourhoods and Adult Services (NAS) Research †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Patient Survey Programme Findings for Local Institutions Patient Survey of Local Community Mental Health Services †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Patient Survey of Local Community Health Services †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Patient Survey of Local In-Patient Services – RFT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Patient Survey on Access to Primary Care †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Patient Survey on Choice to Primary Care †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Black Minority Ethnic (BME) Mental Health Consultation Event †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Consultation with Focus Groups and Individual Interviews †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Consultation at Fair? s Fayre †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 198 198 198 207 208 209 210 211 213 213 213 219 Children and Young People’s Needs Assessment 10. 1 10. 2 10. 3 1 0. 4 10. 5 10. 6 General Health †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Proportion of Children in Poverty †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Prevalence of Breast Feeding at 6 to 8 Weeks from Birth †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Teenage Pregnancy (Under 18 and Under 16 Conception rates) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Obesity among Primary School Age Children in Reception Year and Year 6 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Infant Mortality †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 221 222 223 225 227 229 -510. 10. 8 10. 9 10. 10 Uptake of Chlamydia Screening in Under 25s †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Percentage DMFT in 5 Year Olds †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Children Killed or Seriously Injured on Roads (persons under 16 years) .. Proportion of Children who Complete Immunisation by Recommended Ages †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10. 11 Parental Experience of Services for Disabled Children †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11. 229 229 230 233 234Area Assembly Needs Profile 11. 1 11. 2 11. 3 11. 4 11. 5 11. 6 11. 7 Rother Valley South †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Rother Valley West †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Rotherham North †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Rotherham South †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Wen tworth North †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Wentworth South †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Wentworth Valley †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 244 247 249 251 254 256 258 Glossary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 261 -6- What is a Joint Strategi c Needs Assessment (JSNA)? The Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA) establishes the current and future health and social care needs of a population, leading to improved outcomes and reductions in health inequalities.The JSNA informs the priorities and targets set by Local Area Agreements, leading to agreed commissioning priorities that will improve outcomes and reduce health inequalities throughout the Borough. The JSNA marks the beginning of a process which will inform service reconfiguration, commissioning and decommissioning of services. The JSNA will evolve over the coming months and years as the demographic and health profile of the population changes. Information gathered in the Joint Strategic Needs Assessment will be used to create a needs profile for Rotherham.It will be used to target resources at those in most need. Why do we need a JSNA? Since 1 April, 2008, Local Authorities and Primary Care Trusts are under a statutory duty under the Local Government and Public Invo lvement in Health Act to produce a Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA). The Operating Framework for the NHS in England 2008/2009 refers to the importance of the JSNA in informing PCT Operational Plans. The JSNA underpins a number of the World Class Commissioning competencies. The JSNA forms the basis of the new duty to co-operate.This partnership duty involves a range of statutory and non-statutory partners, informing commissioning and the development of appropriate, sustainable and effective services. Joint Strategic Needs Assessment Core Dataset This document fully complies with the Department of Health’s JSNA Core Dataset, published on 1st August, 2008. It focuses on health and social care needs, breaking these down to Area Assembly level so a good understanding of these needs can be established for joint commissioning purposes. -7- 1. Demographic Profile 1. 1 Population NumbersRotherham is one of four metropolitan boroughs in South Yorkshire, covering an area of 118 s quare miles with a population of 253,900 (2009). The population of Rotherham has been rising by 1. 0% (2,600) since 2004 and 1. 8% (4,500) since 2002. Population projections suggest that the population of Rotherham will increase by 5. 1% to 266,900 by 2020 and by 9. 8% to 278,900 by 2030. The projected increase is the result of rising life expectancy, natural increase (more births than deaths) and migration into the Borough. The Borough is divided into 21 wards, grouped into 7 Area Assemblies as follows:Rother Valley South – Dinnington, Anston & Woodsetts and Wales Rother Valley West – Brinsworth & Catcliffe, Holderness and Rother Vale Rotherham North – Rotherham West, Keppel and Wingfield Rotherham South – Boston Castle, Rotherham East and Sitwell Wentworth North – W ath, Swinton and Hoober Wentworth South – Rawmarsh, Silverwood and Valley Wentworth Valley. – Wickersley, Hellaby and Maltby About half of the population lives in and ar ound the main urban area of Rotherham town. The remainder lives in satellite towns such as Wath, Dinnington and Maltby and in rural areas1.Rotherham comprises a diverse and vibrant blend of people, cultures and communities. It is made up of a mix of urban areas and rura l villages, interspersed with large areas of open countryside. About 70% of the Borough area is rural, but it is well connected to all areas of the country by its proximity to the motorway network and intercity rail networks. Rotherham? s traditional steel and coal industries have largely given way to new industries in an economy which grew rapidly in the 1995 – 2005 period. 1. 2 Age Profile There are approximately 197,500 adults currently living in Rotherham (2009). 7,800 people are aged 60 and over (22. 8%), 102,800 are aged 30 to 59 years (40. 5%) and 37,000 are aged 18 to 29 years (14. 6%). In addition, there are 56,400 (22. 1%) children aged 0 to 17 years. The age profile of the Borough population is show n in Figure 1. 1. Rotherham has more people aged over 50 (1 in 3 people) than people under 16 (1 in 5 people). Rotherham has 90,200 people aged 50 or over which equates to 35. 5% of the total population and this proportion is rising. 1 RMBC 2007 Area Assembly Profiles (www. rotherham. gov. uk) -8Distribution of Older PeopleFigure 1. 1: Age Profile of Rotherham Rotherham 60 and over 22. 8% 30 to 59 40. 5% 18 to 29 14. 6% 5 to 17 0 to 4 0. 0% 16. 1% 6. 0% 5. 0% 10. 0% 15. 0% 20. 0% 25. 0% 30. 0% 35. 0% 40. 0% 45. 0% Rotherham Source: Mid Year Estimates 2009 The most significant demographic change occurring in Rotherham is the growth in the number of older people which is shown in Figure1. 2. The number of people over 65 will increase by more than a half by 2028, from 4 1,500 to 61,400. The number of people over 85 will almost double (+96%) from 5,000 to 9,800 by 2028.Although people will tend to remain healthy for longer than they do now, the rising numbers of older people will have m ajor implications for health and adult social care services, informal care and all services used by older people. Figure 1. 2: Projected Growth in the over 65 population from 2008 to 2028 18,000 16,000 2008 2028 Population 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 65 to 69 Source: 2008 Population Projections 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 85 and over -9Figure 1. 3: Projected Growth in over 65 population from 2008 to 2028 Population aged 65+ 65 60 Thousands 55 50 45 40 20 08 20 09 20 10 0 11 20 12 20 13 20 14 20 15 20 16 20 17 20 18 20 19 20 20 20 21 20 22 20 23 20 24 20 25 20 26 20 27 20 28 35 Source: 2008 Population Projections The number of people aged 65+ is projected to increase at a steady rate over the next twenty years. The number is projected to increase by 48% from 41,500 to 61,400. Figure 1. 4: Projected Growth in over 85 population from 2008 to 2028 Population aged 85+ 10. 0 9. 0 Thousands 8. 0 7. 0 6. 0 5. 0 20 08 20 09 20 10 20 11 20 12 20 13 20 14 20 15 20 16 20 17 20 18 20 19 20 20 20 21 20 22 20 23 20 24 20 25 20 26 20 27 20 28 4. 0 Source: 2008 Population ProjectionsThe steady increase in the 65+ population hides a much faster rise in the population aged 85+ which is projected to increase by 96% between 2008 and 2028. The rate of increase is projected to rise after 2014, peaking between 2020 and 2025 when there will be 29% growth over 5 years. – 10 1. 3 Gender Profile In Rotherham, there are 129,400 (51%) females and 124,400 (49%) males, which is very similar to the national average. The age and gender distribution of Rotherham? s population is similar to the national profile, although Rotherham has a slightly lower proportion of young adults (20-34).Figure 1. 3 shows the age and gender structure of Rotherham compared to England and Wales in 2009. Office of National Statistics data illustrates that up to the age of 72 years the number of males and females are fairly equal. From the age of 73 years the proportion of females to males inc reases significantly2. 2. 9% of the female population are over 85 years compared to 1. 4% for men. There are 3. 7 women for every man aged over 90 years. The rising population imbalance between males and females as old age progresses results from women? s higher life expectancy. 2% of the entire population are of working age, of these 51. 1% are under 40 years of age. Figure 1. 5 also shows a relatively low proportion of people aged 30-34 years which reflects the low birth rates from the mid to late 1970s. Likewise, the high proportion aged 40-45 reflects high birth rates in the early 1960s. Figure 1. 5: Age and gender profile Broken down by percentage of male/female population Rotherham 9. 0% 8. 0% 7. 0% 6. 0% 5. 0% Males 4. 0% Females 3. 0% 2. 0% 1. 0% 0. 0% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to + 9 14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 74 79 84 89 Age Group Source: Mid Year Estimates 2009 2 Office of National St atistics 2009 Live Births – 11 England and Wales 9. 0% 8. 0% 7. 0% 6. 0% 5. 0% Males 4. 0% Females 3. 0% 2. 0% 1. 0% 0. 0% 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to + 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69 74 79 84 89 Age Group Source: Mid Year Estimates 2009 1. 4 Birth Rate The birth rate in Rotherham has been steadily increasing since 2002 (Figure 1. 6). Live births decreased from over 3,700 in 1991 to 2,730 in 2001.Since then the numbers of births has increased each year to 3,300 in 2008 before dropping slightly in 2009 to 3,200. There has been an average increase of about 60 live births each year over the last eight years. This increase in birth rate reflects similar increases nationally. Figure 1. 6: Number of Births in Rotherham between 1959 to 2009 Source: Office of National Statistics 2998, Live Births The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) for 2009 shows an average of 1. 96 children per woman in England and Wales. This represents a small decrease in fertility from 1. 97 children in 2008.This is the first annual decrease since 2001 when the TFR fell to 1. 63 from 1. 65 in 2000. The TFR for 2009 is still comparably high. In 2008 the TFR was at its highest point in 35 years. The provisional – 12 General Fertility Rate (GFR) for 2009 was 63. 7 live births per 1,000 women aged 15-44, a decrease compared with 63. 8 in 2008. In 2009, there were decreases in fertility rates for women aged under 30 and increases for women aged 35 and over, compared with 2008; fertility rates for women aged 30–34 remained unchanged. The largest percentage decrease (2. 7 per cent) occurred among women aged under 20.For this age group the fertility rate fell from 26 live births per thousand women aged under 20 in 2008 to 25. 3 in 2009. The standardised average (mean) age of women giving birth increased slightly to 29. 4 in 2009 from 29. 3 in 2008. The figure for 2009 is the highest on record. The sex ratio at birth for 2007 was 1,052 live males per 1,000 live females born. There was a continued rise in the proportion of births to mothers born outside the UK: 24. 7 per cent in 2009 compared with 24. 1 per cent in 2008. In 1999, 14. 3 per cent of births were to non-UK born mothers. 1. 5 Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) Population Profile Rotherham? Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) population is relatively small but has been growing and becoming increasingly diverse. Rotherham MBC estimates that there are 19,000 people from BME communities in 2009 which equates to 7. 5% of the local population (5. 6% are non-white), with 92. 5% from the White British population3. By comparison in 2001, 4. 1% of the population were from BME communities, suggesting that the number of BME residents has almost doubled over the last eight years. BME residents are fairly evenly divided between those born in the UK and those born abroad, the latter being more likely to have limited English language skills. Figure 1. 7: Projected BME Population Growth in Rotherham between 2005 and 2030 Source: BME Health Needs Assessment 2008, Black a nd Minority Ethnic Populations in Rotherham (page 12) In 2006, Yorkshire Futures produced population projections by ethnic group. Figure 1. 7 illustrates the projection for Rotherham which suggests a 61% increase in the non-White population between 2005 and 2030. Of the total of 3 Rotherham MBC Population Estimates by Ethic Group 2009 – 13 17,600 non-white residents projected for 2030, about 11,400 would be Asians. However, the fact that Rotherham? BME population more than doubled in the 13 year period 1991-2004, and that non-white residents already number about 14,000 suggests that this projection may underestimate the likely rate of growth. Immigration and natural increase means that Rotherham? s black and minority ethnic population has continued to grow in recent years, reaching 19,000 people. The white minority population (mainly European) was estimated to have a population of about 3,000 in 2004, rising to 4,000 in 2006 and an estimated at 5,000 in 2009. Most minority ethnic groups have young populations, notably the Kashmiri and Pakistani.There is a growing mixed or dual heritage population, the majority of who are children and young people. The Irish community is an exception, being much older than average. Figure 1. 8: BME Population Breakdown in Rotherham – Mid-Year Estimates 2009 Source: Rotherham MBC Population Estimates by Ethnic Group 2009 The largest BME community is that from Pakistan and Kashmir which constitutes 3. 0% of the overall population, higher than the average of 1. 5% in England and Wales. The Kashmiri and Pakistani community is well established in Rotherham following initial migration in the 1960s and 1970s.There are also much smaller established communities such as Chinese, Indian and Irish. The fastest growing population is the Black African community and other new communities, including mi grant workers from Eastern Europe, have also settled in Rotherham which now has a Roma community of around 2,000 people. – 14 Figure 1. 9: Number of People in each Ethnic Group in Rotherham in 2009 Ethnic Group White British White Irish White Other White and Black Caribbean White and Black African White and Asian Other Mixed Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi Other Asian Black Caribbean Black African Black Other ChineseOther Ethnic No. of People 234,900 1,100 3,900 400 100 700 400 700 7,600 100 700 200 1,500 200 600 800 Source: Rotherham MBC Population Estimates by Ethnic Group 2009 Figure 1. 9 shows the breakdown of the numbers of people from each BME community who are living in Rotherham. The largest number of people who are from minority ethnic groups are those from the Pakistani (and Kashmiri) community (7,600) which equates to 40% of the BME population in Rotherham. 3,900 people (20. 5%) are from the White Other ethnic group which includes EU migrant workers from other Europea n countries such as Poland and Slovakia.Further migration from European countries may result in continued growth in the years ahead. Figure 1. 10: Gender by Ethnic Origin of all Ethnic Groups in Rotherham in 2008 Source: BME Health Needs Assessment 2008, Black and Minority Ethnic Populations in Rotherham, p13 Figure 1. 10 provides a gender breakdown across all BME communities. It shows that white minority ethnic communities, Indian and Black groups have a larger number of men in contrast to women. People from Pakistani/Kashmiri origin have a similar gender balance to the White British population, whilst the Chinese community has a higher proportion of women.The higher proportion of men amongst certain BME groups in – 15 Rotherham is likely to reflect economic migration with men moving to Rotherham to find employment. This trend is more significant amongst more recent migrant groups where two thirds are often male. Figure 1. 11: Population Structure of Different Ethnic Groups in Rotherham 2009 Ethnic Group Total Number 1,600 7,600 800 600 800 234,900 700 1,900 3,900 1,100 253,900 Mixed Pakistani Other Asian Chinese Other W hite British Indian Black W hite Other W hite Irish All People % Population aged 0-15 0. 39% 1. 18% 0. 08% 0. 04% . 12% 16. 86% 0. 04% 0. 16% 0. 47% 0. 04% 19. 38% % Population aged 16+ 0. 28% 1. 81% 0. 24% 0. 20% 0. 20% 75. 62% 0. 24% 0. 59% 1. 06% 0. 39% 80. 62% Source: Rotherham MBC Population Estimates by Ethnic Group 2009 Figure 1. 11 provides an insight into the children to adults for each of Rotherham? s BME population. Some BME communities have a significantly younger age profile than the general population of the Borough. The percentage of the Pakistani community under 15 years (1. 18%) is around 60% of the adult population total and the Mixed community have more children than adults.This reflects a significantly higher birth rate for the Pakistani and Mixed ethnic groups. There is a big difference in the White British communi ty where the adults outnumber the 0-15 population by approximately 5 to 1. In contrast, the Mixed and Pakistani ethnic groups have a much smaller proportion of their population aged 65 and over (less than one seventh of the general population). The largest non-White British community is Pakistani with an estimated 550 elders (55 years of age+)4. BME communities have a younger age profile compared to the general population.The child population of Rotherham is far more ethnically diverse than that of the older population. Figure 1. 12: Percentage of BME pupils in each Area Assembly in Rotherham 60. 0% BME Pupils 50. 0% 40. 0% 30. 0% 20. 0% 10. 0% W es ot t he rh am N or R th ot he rh am So ut W h en tw or th N or W th en tw or th So W ut h en tw or th Va ll e y R ot he rV R R ot he rh Va lle y al le y So ut h 0. 0% Source: PLASC Data 2010 4 Rotherham State of the Borough 2008 A Statistical Portrait, p14 – 16 Figure 1. 12 provides a breakdown of the BME pupils by Area Assembly i n 2010. This shows that 52% of BME pupils live in Rotherham South.The distribution of pupils shows a similar pattern to the distribution of BME residents in the 2001 Census, 4,809 of who lived in the Rotherham South, 48% of the Borough? s BME population. Only three wards – Rotherham East, Rotherham West and Boston Castle – had significant minority ethnic populations in 2001, with 61% of Rotherham? s non-white population and 77% of the Pakistani and Kashmiri population. Data on pupil ethnicity shows that increasing numbers of BME families live in Sitwell ward. Rotherham North had the second largest BME population with 1,746 people (17%) in 2001.In comparison, there were 562 people (6%) living in Wentworth North which had the smallest BME population5. Within Rotherham South, BME communities are particularly concentrated in Eastwood, Ferham, Masbrough, Wellgate and Broom Valle y which are mainly deprived areas close to the town centre. These are the original settlement ar eas for the Kashmiri and Pakistani community. Since 2001, there has been some movement of Pakistani and Kashmiri families to suburban areas in Broom. 1. 6 Disability Profile Sensory Impairment – Blind/Partially Sighted In 2008 there were 152,980 people in England and Wales registered blind.This is a slight increase of 525 people (0. 3%) from March 2006. There were 10,300 new registrations in 2008, a fall of 5% compared to 20066. There were approximately 156,285 people in England registered as partially sighted, an increase of 1,085 people since 2006. There were approximately 13,200 new registrations in 2008, a fall of 8% compared to 20067. The leading cause of certifications for blindness is degeneration of the macula and posterior pole (57. 2%) which largely comprises Age-related Muscular Degeneration (AMD). This is the leading cause of blindness amongst older people, in particular for the age group 75 years and over.Other common causes of certification are glaucoma (10. 9%) , diabetic retinopathy (5. 9%), optic atrophy (3. 1%), hereditary retinal disorders (2. 8%) and cerebrovascular disease/accidents (2. 5%)8. Common causes of certification among partially sighted people are: degeneration of the macula and posterior pole (56%), glaucoma (10. 2%), diabetic retinopathy (7. 4%), cerebrovascular disease (4. 9%), hereditary retinal disorders (2%), optic atrophy (1. 9%), myopia (1. 9%) and retinal vascular occlusions (2%)8. Figure 1. 13 provides a national breakdown by age of the number of people on the blind and partially blind registers. Census 2001 BME Population National Statistics 2006 Registered Blind and Partially Sighted, p(i) 7 National Statistics 2008 Council Tables – Blind and Partially Sighted, pPS1 8 Public Medical Health 2009 Research and Development, Leading Causes of Blindness 6 – 17 Figure 1. 13: % of People on Blind or Partially Sighted (P/S) Register by Age Group in England 1994-2008 Category 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2008 0- 4 Blind P/S 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5-17 Blind P/S 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 18-49 Blind P/S 10 10 10 10 10 9 11 10 12 10 13 11 50-64 Blind P/S 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 8 10 9 10 9 65-74 Blind P/S 11 12 10 12 10 11 10 11 0 10 10 10 75 and Over Blind P/S 68 68 69 68 69 69 67 68 66 68 64 68 Source: National Statistics 2008, Council Tables – Blind and Partially Sighted, p6 Nationally the proportion of young people registered blind is increasing, in particular in the 18-49 age range. The number of blind people aged 75 and over is falling, with a 5% reduction in the last ten years from 69% to 64%. However, the local picture is different to the national one. In Rotherham there were 860 people on the blind register in 2008, a reduction of 325 people since 2006. This reduction may be due to recent data cleansing of the local register.There are a total of 1,365 people who are on the partially sighted register, a decrease of 95 people since 20069. Information for this register is obtained by the co mpletion of SSDA902 returns by all Councils with Adult Social Services Responsibilities (CASSRs) on an annual basis to capture the number of people who are blind or partially sighted under Section 29 of the National Assistance Act, 1948. Figure 1. 14: Number of people registered blind/partially sighted by age group in Rotherham in 2008 Blind Partially Sighted 3% 4% 13% 11% 0-18 years 10% 11% 18-49 years 50-64 years 65-74 years 63% 10% 64% 1% 75 and over Source: National Statistics 2008, Council Tables – Blind and Partially Sighted, pB1 Figure 1. 14 provides an age profile of those who are registered blind or partially sighted in Rotherham. Approximately 63% of blind/partially sighted people in Rotherham are over 75 years of age. There has been an increase in the number of people registered blind in the 65 to 74 age group. There has also been a reduction in the number of people registered blind between 18 and 49 years and 75 and over. In 2008 there were 95 new registrations fo r blind people compared to 85 new registrations in 2006.Of these 16% were between 50 and 64 years, 11% between 65 and 74 years and 63% who are 75 years and over. There has been a larger increase in the number of new registrations by people between 50 and 64 years10. 9 National Statistics (2007), Deaf and Hard of Hearing, pPS1 National Statistics 2007, Deaf and Hard of Hearing, pB2 10 – 18 Figure 1. 15 shows the predicted future prevalence rates of people with a serious visual impairment who will require help with daily activities. These prevalence rates have been derived from ONS population projections. Figure 1. 15: No. f people projected to have a serious visual impairment and requiring help with daily living in Rotherham. 2010-2030 25 20 18 – 2 4 ye a rs 15 2 5 – 3 4 ye a rs 10 3 5 – 4 4 ye a rs 4 5 – 5 4 ye a rs 5 0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Source: PANSI 2008, People predicted to have a serious visual impairment projected to 2025 Projecting Adu lt Needs and Service Information System (PANSI) predicts that there are 102 people with a serious visual impairment in Rotherham who require help with daily activities. It is predicted that this will slowly increase over the next 17 years, in particular in the age groups 55 -64 age group.Deaf or Hard of Hearing There are approximately 9 million people who are deaf or hard of hearing in England. Around 688,000 people are severely or profoundly deaf 11. More than 50% of people over the age of 60 years have some degree of hearing loss, but only one in three older people has an hearing aid12. The commonest cause of hearing loss is ageing and three quarters of people who are deaf are aged over 60. More men become hard of hearing than women. Among people over the age of 80 years there are more women than men who are deaf or hard of hearing.This is mainly attributable to the larger population of women in this age range. Common causes of deafness in adults and older people include; presbyac usis (age-related hearing loss known as senile deafness), side-effects of medication, acoustic neuroma and Meniere's disease. Com mon causes of deafness in children include inherited conditions, infection during pregnancy, meningitis, head injury and glue ear. In 2007 there were 54,500 people in England on the register of deaf people. Between March 2004 and March 2007 the number of people on the register has remained constant13.However, during this same period the number of deaf people on the age profile of those on the register has changed significantly14. There are approximately 164,600 people in England on the register of hard of hearing. This is an increase of around 5,600 (4%) since March 2004 and an increase of 73% since March 1992. The large increase from 1992 could be partially attributed to improved systems of information capture or a failure to remove old registrations15. 11 RNID 2008, www. rnid. org. uk Public Medical Health 2008, Research and Development, Leading Causes of Blindness National Statistics 2007, Deaf and Hard of Hearing, p(iii) 4 Office of National Statistics 2004, Religion in Rotherham, p(iii) 15 National Statistics 2007, Deaf and Hard of Hearing, p3 12 13 – 19 Figure 1. 16 provides a breakdown of the number registered as deaf and hard of hearing by age group. Figure 1. 16: Age profile of people registered as deaf or hard of hearing (HofH) in England from 1992 to 2007 Category Number of People 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 % of People 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 All Ages Deaf H of H Under 18 Deaf H of H 18-64 Deaf H of H 65-74 Deaf H of H 75 or over Deaf H of H 41,800 45,500 50,100 50,300 55,000 54,500 95,300 125,900 139,500 44,600 158,900 164,600 3,800 4,400 4,200 4,000 4,100 3,400 2,100 3,500 2,800 2,900 3,000 4,100 24,200 26,000 27,100 27,200 29,200 28,700 16,000 21,900 25,100 25,400 29,800 30,500 4,900 5,000 5,800 6,400 8,300 6,400 18,400 23,800 22,300 24,700 24,400 23,100 8,900 10,100 13,000 12,600 13,400 16,000 58,800 7 6,700 89,300 91,300 101,700 106,900 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 9 10 8 8 7 6 2 3 2 2 2 2 58 57 54 54 53 53 17 17 18 18 19 19 12 11 12 13 15 12 19 19 16 17 15 14 21 22 26 25 24 29 62 61 64 63 64 65 Source: National Statistics 2007, Deaf and Hard of Hearing, p3 In 2007 more than half (52. %) of those on the deaf register were working age adults (18-64 years). The highest incidence of hearing loss occurred in the older age groups, particularly those over 75 years16. In Rotherham there are currently 280 people on the deaf register. 66% are in the age range 18 to 64 years, 13. 4% above the national average. There are currently 15 children (5%) on the register17. The high number of younger people on the register suggests under-reporting in the older age groups. There are a total of 980 people on the hard of hearing register. Almost two thirds (62%) are in the age groups 75 years and over18.This is just under the national average of 64. 9%. Figure 1. 16 provides a local age profile of those who are registered deaf or hard of hearing. Information for this register is obtained by the completion of SSDA910 returns by all Councils with Adult Social Services Responsibilities (CASSRs) on an annual basis to capture the number of people who are deaf or hard of hearing under Section 29 of the National Assistance Act, 1948. Figure 1. 17: Number of people registered deaf/hard of hearing by age group in Rotherham in 2008 Deaf 18% Partially Sighted 2% 5% 19% 0-18 years 18-64 years

A middle class family named The Birlings Essay

An Inspector Calls, written by J. B. Priestley, is about a middle class family named The Birlings. The Birlings lived in an up and growing industrial town in the north midlands. Set in 1912, the Birlings were happily celebrating their daughter Sheila’s engagement to a respectable businessman, Gerald Croft. However, the modest celebration turned out to be more than eventful when an unexpected inspector arrives enquiring the suicide and death of a young girl names Eva Smith. Whilst doing so, the inspector unlocks a chain of family secrets along the way. The play, in its time, proved to be very popular, and still does so today. In this play, I think that J. B. Priestley chose the characters very well. I think that what made the play so appealing is the way in which he gave each character such a strong personality. Each member of the Birling family has a unique personality and throughout the play some of the Birling family change. I do think however, that the Birlings as a whole family are quite stereotypical. The Birlings come across as a family that have wealth and seem to be quite a respected family of a high class. At the beginning of the play, the Birling family seem to be quite a closely bonded family but throughout the play this bond seems to drift apart as they recognise their differences. The family consists of four very unique and exciting individuals: Arthur Birling- A very self-obsessed, wealthy business man, also very self-opinionated. The perfect example of an old snob. Obviously very proud of his achievements in life, but with his heart set on a knighthood which would be his ultimate achievement. Sybil Birling- Considers herself high in regard to social standings, largely on the back of her husbands’ success and wealth. Possibly a ‘Hyacinth Bucket’ of her time. A very unlikeable woman who sees lots of people as being beneath her. Sheila Birling- comes across as a very polite and obedient woman, looking forward to her engagement to Gerald Croft. However, as the play goes on, Sheila begins to realise the truth about herself and the Birling family, and begins to stand up against them. Eric Birling-Quite an enclosed person. Eric’s personality is hard to detect. He seems to be the outcast of the family, and the family do not discover until later on in the play that Eric is in fact a heavy drinker and was to father a illegitimate child. A typical wealthy young man of the day.

Analysis of HSBC Essay Example

Analysis of HSBC Essay Example Analysis of HSBC Essay Analysis of HSBC Essay Every organization must interact with its internal and external environment in its day to day operations. The nature of these interactions to a great extent determines the survival of any organization. That is why every organization has to understand what is going on within and around it. These bring into focus how economic, political, legal, technological, environmental and social forces affect HSBC. While battling with these external forces, there are other internal forces which are inherent in the banking sector that affect HSBC. In view of these, the bank has some competitive advantages which have enabled it to compete favourably with other players in the industry. However, the tool used to scan the environment of HSBC to determine its success within the environment has some limitations. These limitations are equally x- rayed in the work. It is a known fact that every organization must interact with is external environment during the course of their business. Economic factors are basically those factors that relate the organization of money and resources within HSBC especially in terms of the production, distribution and consumption of their financial services. This will be discussed under sub headings like GNP trends, interest rate, money supply, inflation, unemployment, disposable, income. GNP Trends Gross National Product (GNP) is the total value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a particular year, plus income earned by its citizens (including income of those located abroad, minus income of non resident located in that country). The UK economy grew at its fastest rate for two years in the third quarter of 2006. It grew by 0.7% between July and September. This takes the annual growth rate up to 2.8%. It will further increase following the announcement of 5% interest rate by the Bank of England. This will make borrowing more expensive, and less attractive to investors who would refrain from borrowing for investment purposes. HSBC may probably advance less credit causing its profit to dwindle and shareholders earning would equally be reduced. Money supply This is simply the total amount of money circulating in the economy (Anderton, A. 2006). In the UK, there are two types of money supply which are namely narrow and broad money with narrow money acting as a medium of exchange while broad is narrow plus near monies. Money supply is important because it has a link with inflation. This is illustrated as Velocity * Money supply = real GNP * GNP deflator. In other words, if the quantity of money in circulation grows faster than the real GNP described as unproductive expansion, inflation is most likely to follow. It will affect HSBC because lending becomes very expensive. The bank will lose earnings because activities will be reduced. Interest rate Interest rate is the yearly price charged by a lender to a borrower in order for the borrower to obtain a loan. This is usually expressed as a percentage of the total amount loaned. This rate has enormous consequences on the activities of HSBC. In July 2006, the interest rate was 4.5%, 4.75% in august and now 5.0%. This caused inflation to edge up to 2.5% as against 2.4% in the months before august. The rate at which customers acquired banking services improved tremendously. It is obvious that a fall in the interest rate leads to an increase in investment expenditure whereas a rise in the interest rate leads to a decrease in investment expenditure. This is the direct consequence of the current 5.0% regime. HSBC earnings will be affected because borrowing for investment expenditure will definitely decline. It will choke off economic growth; increase the cost of debt, causing widespread problems for individual. People will overestimate risky investment and reassess risk. The beneficiaries will be savers. Thus, cause people to save. Exchange rate This is the rate at which a countrys currency exchanges with other currencies in the world. The GBP has been relatively stable against the dollar. Exchange rate depreciation does affect HSBC directly or indirectly. It can affect the structure of HSBC assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, and its off balance sheet exposure and non asset based services. It can indirectly affect demand for loans, the extent of the banks competitive edge and other banking condition. It can affect domestic firms, increase credit risk and liquidity risk. Inflation and unemployment Inflation is an increase in the price of a basket of goods and services that is representative of the economy as a whole. Inflationary trends and unemployment do affect HSBC negatively. Employment laws This is a body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which addresses the legal rights of, and restrictions on workers and their organizations. In employment laws, there are issues that affect the smooth operational running of HSBC. These are namely strikes, pickets, boycotts, unofficial industrial actions, trade unions and other members. Their overall effect could be enormous on HSBC and the economy in general. Minimum wage Wages paid out is part of operational cost of HSBC. Recently, the minimum wage in the UK was increased from à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5.05 to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5.35 for adults aged 22 and over. It equally increased for other age categories. The consequences are that the operational cost will be on the increase, efficiency may probably reduce, and the net profit of the bank will decline. This will affect the expectations of the shareholders as dividends will drop On the other hand, employees will have more money for their consumption. It will further cause the countrys productivity level to move up as more goods will be needed. Work and families bill This bill will be birthed soon. It concerns balancing work and good parentage. The law will make it lawful for maternity leave to be extended to nine months. In addition, paternity leave will soon be a reality. It means HSBC will be paying out extra three months salaries for mothers on maternity leave. This extra expenditure is unproductive and reduces HSBC efficiency. Age discrimination The current issue now is age discrimination at work. The bank can not discriminate on age with regard to employment. It is most true that younger people are more productive, proactive, dynamic and resourceful than older people. This law will cause the bank to employ both young and old people. The effect might be that zeal. Dynamism, and approach to work which have established the bank as a leader in Uk may be eroded. Taxation The most contemporary issue is the warming issued by HSBC that it could move its headquarters out of London as a result of huge corporation tax which is at 30% of profit. This is high and outrageous. The percentage compares favourably with other G7 nations e.g. France 34%, Japan 40% but not with other Europeans countries like Ireland at 12.5%. The tax reduces the profits of HSBC. The investors, shareholders of the bank receive lower dividend as a result of the tax. If HSBC pulls out of the UK, which generated which is committed to social services will decline. Moreover, investment will probably be discouraged because investors want ventures where their investment will be maximized. Taxation raises the banks cost of loans which discourage entrepreneurs away from information intensive financing and into unmonitored financing. It reduces the supply of deposits. In banking and financial markets, the technologies have primarily affected the velocity and volume of transactions. Both domestic and foreign transfers and other banking services have surged and the rate at which they are done has increased. This is as a result of emerging technology advances. In online transactions, where one makes a payment using debit and credits, it takes about 48 hours for the payment to be cleared. But, from January 2007, an emerging technology will complete the clearance in just minutes. Government involvement in researches to further develop the sector is another issue. One of the distinct differences between technological innovation in the UK financial service industry and that in foreign nations is the level of government subsidy of technical developments that affect the financial service industry. For example, the smart card, the applications and functions was developed by the French Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (PTT). The government of UK should be more participative. The sector does not encourage obsoleteness due to the nature of the industry combined with the activities of hackers who are out there to ruin the banks. The banks waste disposal and energy consumption contributing to environmental hazards is under control. Their position is threatened by the green law which is in force. Environmental laws affect the bank. Income distribution contributes to the services to be offered by the bank. Higher income redistribution will ensure better businesses and vice versa. The age, income, sex and population has a way of affecting the activities of HSBC. The level of education or enlightenment informs people about the products and services of banks. The level will affect their willingness to transact or not to transact. Competitive Rivalry This describes the intensity of competition between existing firms in an industry. It is true that highly competitive industries generally earn low returns because the cost of competition is high. In the banking industry which is the focus of discussion, competition brings about HSBC offering customers the most attractive combination of performance features, introducing new products, or creating a stronger brand image than competitors like Barclays, TSB Lloyds, RBS, and NatWest etc. The industry is not dominated by two or three banks that are battling to achieve market leader status, and the rules of the game are well established. In this case, the rivalry is not so intense. However, Customers can easily switch between some products. Intense rivalry is likely when customers in the banking industry can easily switch to other banks. In these situations, the banks will be vying for market share. The market for banks is not growing too fast. The banks are unable to grow their market without taking market away from other competing banks. In this situation, rivalry is more likely. There is no exit barrier in the industry which will make rivalry intense. The brand identity brings about intense rivalry as other competing banks will be forced to outperform their rivals by adopting active strategies. Their products are basically the homogenous. This will most likely make rivalry intense.

Facts, Geography About the West African Nation of Ghana

Facts, Geography About the West African Nation of Ghana Ghana is a country located in western Africa on the Gulf of Guinea. The country is known for being the second largest producer of cocoa in the world as well as its incredible ethnic diversity. Ghana currently has more than 100 different ethnic groups in its population of just over 24 million. History of Ghana Ghanas history prior to the 15th century is concentrated primarily on oral traditions. However, it is believed that people may have inhabited what is present-day Ghana from about 1500 BCE. European contact with Ghana began in 1470. In 1482, the Portuguese built a trading settlement there. Shortly thereafter for three centuries, the Portuguese, English, Dutch, Danes, and Germans all controlled different parts of the coast. In 1821, the British took control of all of the trading posts located on the Gold Coast. From 1826 to 1900, the British then fought battles against the native Ashanti and in 1902, the British defeated them and claimed the northern part of todays Ghana. In 1957, after a plebiscite in 1956, the United Nations determined that the territory of Ghana would become independent and combined with another British territory, British Togoland, when the entire Gold Coast became independent. On March 6, 1957, Ghana became independent after the British gave up control of the Gold Coast and the Ashanti, the Northern Territories Protectorate and British Togoland. Ghana was then taken as the legal name for the Gold Coast after it was combined with British Togoland in that year. Following its independence, Ghana underwent several reorganizations that caused the country to be divided into 10 different regions. Kwame Nkrumah was the first prime minister and president of modern Ghana and he had goals of unifying Africa as well as freedom and justice and equality in education for all. His government, however, was overthrown in 1966. Instability was then a major part of Ghanas government from 1966 to 1981, as several government overthrows occurred. In 1981, Ghanas constitution was suspended and political parties were banned. This later caused the countrys economy to decline and many people from Ghana migrated to other countries.By 1992, a new constitution was adopted, the government began to regain stability, and the economy started to improve. Today, Ghanas government is relatively stable and its economy is growing. Government of Ghana Ghanas government today is considered a constitutional democracy with an executive branch made up of a chief of state and a head of government filled by the same person. The legislative branch is a unicameral Parliament while its judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court. Ghana is also still divided into 10 regions for local administration: Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo, Central, Eastern, Greater Accra, Northern, Upper East, Upper West, Volta, and Western. Economics and Land Use in Ghana Ghana currently has one of the strongest economies of West Africas countries due to its richness of natural resources. These include gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydropower, petroleum, silver, salt, and limestone. However, Ghana remains dependent on international and technical assistance for its continued growth. The country also has an agriculture market that produces things like cocoa, rice, and peanuts, while its industries are focused on mining, lumber, food processing, and light manufacturing. Geography and Climate of Ghana Ghanas topography consists mainly of low plains but its south-central area does have a small plateau. Ghana is also home to Lake Volta, the worlds largest artificial lake. Because Ghana is only a few degrees north of the Equator, its climate is considered tropical. It has a wet and dry season but it is mainly warm and dry in the southeast, hot and humid in the southwest and hot and dry in the north. More Facts About Ghana Capital: AccraBordering Countries: Burkina Faso, Cote dIvoire, TogoLand Area: 92,098 square miles (238,533 sq km)Coastline: 335 miles (539 km)Highest Point: Mount Afadjato at 2,887 feet (880 m)Ghana has 47 local languages but English is its official language.Association football or soccer is the most popular sport in Ghana and the country regularly participates in the World Cup.Ghanas life expectancy is 59 years for males and 60 years for females. References CIA - The World Factbook - Ghana. Central Intelligence Agency, May 2010.ï » ¿Ghana. United States Department of State, March 2010.Ghana: History, Geography, Government, and Culture. Infoplease.

Jury system of United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Jury system of United States - Essay Example As in the book "On the Grand Jury", the indication taken from "United States v. Calandra in 1974" that Supreme Court says about the jury system that its purpose is not only to investigate possible criminal conduct but also to act as a "protector of citizen against arbitrary and oppressive government action" and to perform this action jury "deliberates in secret and may determine alone the course of its inquiry". Though this is very much true that without thorough investigation the jury server are not intent to ensnare the crime with deserving prosecution or claiming them for their deeds or warranting the prosecutors for being innocent. Jurors are authorize to dismiss any person in the government incase if not serving the country sincerely. It's their duty to listen the person who is accused by the prosecutors and the person selected to be the government employee or brought in the country is secure from any inducement. Jurors are the first protectors of citizens and for the people who are accused by the law unconstitutionally. In an article by James W. Gilchrist, Jr. quoted the idea of juries in Virginia Colony is, "When the case was given to the jury, it was locked up without food or water until it reached a verdict. A juryman could not leave his fellows until a verdict was reached, which, as one writer noted, made prolonged disagreement practically unknown." Ans. Mangna Carta is a si... When the several jurisdictions to pass local Imperial Acts legislation came to consider which statutes to include as part of the received Imperial statute law of the jurisdiction, they all included Magna Carta. As several of these statutes are relatively recent, and all of them the product of 20th century consideration, they represent a judgment by law-makers that the linkage with Magna Carta should be maintained in contemporary law, even if only for sentimental rather than practical reasons. In the cases of Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and New Zealand, many of the problems of identifying the relevant chapters of Magna Carta that apply have been solved by local Imperial Acts legislation. In all cases the legislature has not only indicated which version of Magna Carta applies that enactment is part of the statute law of the jurisdiction. Nevertheless, there are some minor differences between these jurisdictions to be noticed, especially in the case of the Australian Capital Territory, where the relevant text of the 1297 statute includes the preamble. In New Zealand, while schedule1 of the Imperial Laws Application Act 1988 (NZ) only refers to chapter 29 of the statute of 1297, the version reprinted for reference in the Reprinted Statutes of New Zealand includes the preamble to Magna Carta 1297. It follows from such legislation that no other chapters in the version of 1297, and none of the provisions of any of the earlier versions of Magna Carta, are part of the law of the jurisdictions in which Imperial Acts legislation is in force. This has not, however, prevented consideration of the legal origins of ancient offices and show that the

British Social Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

British Social Policy - Essay Example Starting from the Old Poor Law (established by Elizabethan Act in 1572) which provided the relief to the poor (provision for work, help to immigrations and compulsory poor rate), and up to the current social security benefits (child support, unemployment, income support, and pensions), the social policy has gone though the number of reforms which have changed the delivery of the social and financial assistance. In the early 18th century the number of immigrants to Britain has much increases and most of them were living behind the line of poverty. From economic perspective, the situation in the country was stable and, as the result, the government was able to address the needs of the poor. In particular, the workhouses and poorhouses were established where poor could work and satisfy their basic needs. However, the situation has started to change in the 19th century when the industrial revolution fostered the development of the towns and the rapid population growth. From microeconomic perspective, the government was no longer able to deliver social benefits to the poor and the poverty rate doubled (Laybourn 1995). The Poor Law did not meet the needs of people because the increased population was beyond the British ability to provide for and, moreover, the Poor Law was undermining the wages of the independent workers. The health perspective of social policy was first addressed by the Br... Medical care remained private and voluntary, even though the number of infirmaries grew rapidly. Interestingly, until 1885, there was the law that required people to be poor in order to use infirmaries (Poynter 1960). In the early 1900s, the government has laid the foundation of the modern social policy and social services and the infrastructure of the public services was developed. In the period of 1905-1911 the following acts were developed: Unemployment Workmen Act, Education Act (free school meals), School Medical Services, Pension Act, Labour Exchange Act, National Insurance Act. As the result of such governmental concern with the social policy, the delivery of the social services has much improved and the poverty rate significantly reduced. During the inter-war period, the Widows, Orphans and Old Age Contributory Pension Act was introduced which granted the financial assistance to those who were unable to earn for living because of war (Poynter 1960). The so-called wartime perspective has further influenced the delivery of social policy to British population. In 1942 the National Insurance system was proposed which rested on three perceptions: family allowances, national health service delivery and full employment. The key elements of the welfare state after 1948 included social security, health, housing, education and welfare of children. Unlike the Poor Law that separated these social services, the new social policy was focused on inter-relating the nature of the services as well as emphasizing the importance of each. From theoretical perspective, the Welfare State was not intended to reduce the poverty, but to encourage the provision of social services on the same grounds as roads and libraries (Alcock